Autism spectrum disorder: A concept in evolution

Abstract

Autism is a fascinating topic that has attracted the interest of researchers and the lay public alike. The history of autism is filled with accomplishments of people who were astute observers of childhood psychopathology. Autism spectrum disorder affects a diverse group of children who share certain commonalities. There are ongoing attempts to understand its etiology and to refine diagnostic criteria for improved and timely recognition. In recent years, rapidly evolving research has highlighted the limits of our understanding of a disorder that at one time was considered rare, but now presents itself in 1 in every 59 children in the United States. This article particularly focuses on the history of autism as well as the changing criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.