Molecular diagnosis of campylobacter splenic abscess in an immunocompetent adolescent: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Splenic abscess is a rare, life-threatening condition often resulting from hematogenous spread or contiguous infection. We report a 14-year-old immunocompetent male presenting with fever, diarrhea, and left upper quadrant pain. A CT scan revealed a 14-cm splenic abscess. Initial blood and aspirate cultures were negative, and empirical ceftriaxone and metronidazole yielded poor response. Multiplex PCR Gastrointestinal Panel and 16S rRNA sequencing identified Campylobacter jejuni, prompting targeted therapy with azithromycin and meropenem. Percutaneous drainage and antibiotics led to resolution. This case underscores the role of molecular diagnostics in culture-negative infections and highlights Campylobacter as a rare cause of splenic abscess in immunocompetent patients.