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AuthorAbou-Saleh, Haissam
AuthorAbo-Halawa, Bushra Y
AuthorYounes, Salma
AuthorYounes, Nadin
AuthorAl-Sadeq, Duaa W
AuthorShurrab, Farah M
AuthorLiu, Na
AuthorQotba, Hamda
AuthorAl-Dewik, Nader
AuthorIsmail, Ahmed
AuthorYassine, Hadi M
AuthorAbu-Raddad, Laith J
AuthorNasrallah, Gheyath K
Available date2022-12-22T08:28:36Z
Publication Date2022-11-07
Publication NameJournal of Travel Medicine (JTM)
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taac130
CitationHaissam Abou-Saleh, PhD, Bushra Y Abo-Halawa, BSc, Salma Younes, MSc, Nadin Younes, MSc, Duaa W Al-Sadeq, MSc, Farah M Shurrab, BSc, Na Liu, PhD, Hamda Qotba, MD, Nader Al-Dewik, PhD, Ahmed Ismail, PhD, Hadi M Yassine, PhD, Laith J Abu-Raddad, PhD, Gheyath K Nasrallah, PhD, Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are higher but decline faster in mRNA vaccinees compared to individuals with natural infection, Journal of Travel Medicine, 2022;, taac130, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taac130
ISSN1708-8305
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/37544
AbstractWaning protection against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants by pre-existing antibodies elicited due to current vaccination or natural infection is a global concern. Whether this is due to the waning of immunity to SARS-COV-2 remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the dynamics of antibody isotype responses among vaccinated naïve (VN) and naturally infected (NI) individuals. We followed up antibody levels in COVID-19 mRNA-vaccinated subjects without prior infection (VN, n = 100) in two phases: phase-I (P-I) at ~ 1.4 and phase-II (P-II) at ~ 5.3 months. Antibody levels were compared to those of unvaccinated and naturally infected subjects (NI, n = 40) at ~ 1.7 (P-1) and 5.2 (P-II) months post-infection. Neutralizing antibodies (NTAb), anti-S-RBD-IgG, -IgM, and anti-S-IgA isotypes were measured. The VN group elicited significantly greater antibody responses (p < 0.001) than the NI group at P-I, except for IgM. In the VN group, a significant waning in antibody response was observed in all isotypes. There was about ~ a 4-fold decline in NTAb levels (p < 0.001), anti-S-RBD-IgG (~5-folds, p < 0.001), anti-S-RBD-IgM (~6-folds, p < 0.001), and anti-S1-IgA (2-folds, p < 0.001). In the NI group, a significant but less steady decline was notable in S-RBD-IgM (~2-folds, p < 0.001), and a much smaller but significant difference in NTAb (<2-folds, p < 0.001) anti-S-RBD IgG (<2-folds, p = 0.005). Unlike the VN group, the NI group mounted a lasting anti-S1-IgA response with no significant decline. Anti-S1-IgA, which were ~ 3 folds higher in VN subjects compared to NI in P-1 (p < 0.001), dropped to almost the same levels, with no significant difference observed between the two groups in P-II. While double-dose mRNA vaccination boosted antibody levels, vaccinated individuals' 'boost' was relatively short-lived.
SponsorThis work was made possible by WHO grant numbers COVID-19-22-43 and UREP28–173–3-057 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.
Languageen
PublisherOxford University Press
SubjectAnti-S1-IgA
SRBD-IgM
mRNA vaccines
neutralizing antibody
waning
TitleNeutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are higher but decline faster in mRNA vaccinees compared to individuals with natural infection.
TypeArticle
dc.accessType Open Access


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