Identification of novel proteomic biomarkers for hypertension: a targeted approach for precision medicine

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a critical public health issue worldwide. The identification of specific proteomic biomarkers in the Qatari population aims to advance personalized treatment strategies. Methods: We conducted proteomic profiling on 778 Qatari individuals using an aptamer-based SOMAscan platform to analyze 1,305 biomarkers. Statistical analysis involved two-way ANOVA and association analyses with FDR correction, alongside pathway and gene-set enrichment analyses using Reactome and DisGeNET databases. Results: The study identified 26 significant protein biomarkers associated with hypertension. Notably, QORL1 and BMP1 were identified as novel protein biomarkers. Enrichment analysis linked these biomarkers to critical pathways involved in vascular biology, immune system responses, and pathologies like arteriosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Correlation analyses highlighted robust interactions, particularly between QORL1 and various Apolipoprotein E isoforms, suggesting these biomarkers play pivotal roles in the molecular mechanisms underlying hypertension. Conclusions: This research enhances our understanding of the molecular basis of hypertension in the Qatari population and supports the development of precision medicine approaches for treatment.