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    Waning of BNT162b2 Vaccine Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Qatar.

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    Date
    2021-10-06
    Author
    Chemaitelly, Hiam
    Tang, Patrick
    Hasan, Mohammad R
    AlMukdad, Sawsan
    Yassine, Hadi M
    Benslimane, Fatiha M
    Al Khatib, Hebah A
    Coyle, Peter
    Ayoub, Houssein H
    Al Kanaani, Zaina
    Al Kuwari, Einas
    Jeremijenko, Andrew
    Kaleeckal, Anvar H
    Latif, Ali N
    Shaik, Riyazuddin M
    Abdul Rahim, Hanan F
    Nasrallah, Gheyath K
    Al Kuwari, Mohamed G
    Al Romaihi, Hamad E
    Butt, Adeel A
    Al-Thani, Mohamed H
    Al Khal, Abdullatif
    Bertollini, Roberto
    Abu-Raddad, Laith J
    ...show more authors ...show less authors
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    Abstract
    Waning of vaccine protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a concern. The persistence of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine effectiveness against infection and disease in Qatar, where the B.1.351 (or beta) and B.1.617.2 (or delta) variants have dominated incidence and polymerase-chain-reaction testing is done on a mass scale, is unclear. We used a matched test-negative, case-control study design to estimate vaccine effectiveness against any SARS-CoV-2 infection and against any severe, critical, or fatal case of Covid-19, from January 1 to September 5, 2021. Estimated BNT162b2 effectiveness against any SARS-CoV-2 infection was negligible in the first 2 weeks after the first dose. It increased to 36.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 33.2 to 40.2) in the third week after the first dose and reached its peak at 77.5% (95% CI, 76.4 to 78.6) in the first month after the second dose. Effectiveness declined gradually thereafter, with the decline accelerating after the fourth month to reach approximately 20% in months 5 through 7 after the second dose. Effectiveness against symptomatic infection was higher than effectiveness against asymptomatic infection but waned similarly. Variant-specific effectiveness waned in the same pattern. Effectiveness against any severe, critical, or fatal case of Covid-19 increased rapidly to 66.1% (95% CI, 56.8 to 73.5) by the third week after the first dose and reached 96% or higher in the first 2 months after the second dose; effectiveness persisted at approximately this level for 6 months. BNT162b2-induced protection against SARS-COV-2 infection appeared to wane rapidly following its peak after the second dose, but protection against hospitalization and death persisted at a robust level for 6 months after the second dose. (Funded by Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar and others.).
    DOI/handle
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2114114
    http://hdl.handle.net/10576/24611
    Collections
    • Biomedical Sciences [‎796‎ items ]
    • COVID-19 Research [‎848‎ items ]

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