Exploring the medicinal potential of Citrus limon var. pompia camarda var. nova: From phytochemicals to therapeutic applications

Abstract

Citrus limon var. pompia Camarda var. nova, (CLP) an endemic citrus fruit from Sardinia, is emerging as a significant source of bioactive compounds with extensive health benefits. This comprehensive review examines the phytochemical composition of CLP, with a particular focus on its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and potential health-promoting properties. Rich in flavonoids, polyphenols, and essential oils such as limonene, pompia exhibits strong antioxidant activities that counteract oxidative stress, a critical factor in the onset of chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The antimicrobial properties of CLP essential oils and extracts have been found effective against a variety of pathogens, particularly Gram-positive bacteria and certain fungi, which highlights its potential role in preventing infections. Furthermore, recent advancements in nanotechnology have allowed for the incorporation of CLP extracts into vesicular delivery systems, significantly improving the bioavailability and stability of its bioactive compounds. These vesicles not only enhance skin protection against oxidative damage but also offer novel therapeutic applications in wound healing and skin regeneration. This review underscores the potential of CLP as a versatile natural resource for developing innovative health-promoting products and therapies.