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    Detection of Antinuclear Antibodies Targeting Intracellular Signal Transduction, Metabolism, Apoptotic Processes and Cell Death in Critical COVID-19 Patients

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    Date
    2022-10-29
    Author
    Nasarallah, Gheyath K.
    Fakhroo, Aisha D.
    Khan, Taushif
    Cyprian, Farhan S.
    Al Ali, Fatima
    Ata, Manar M.A.
    Taleb, Sara
    Zedan, Hadeel T.
    Al-Sadeq, Duaa W.
    Amanullah, Fathima H.
    Hssain, Ali A.
    Eid, Ali H.
    Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
    Al-Khal, Abdullatif
    Al Thani, Asmaa A.
    Marr, Nico
    Yassine, Hadi M.
    ...show more authors ...show less authors
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    Abstract
    Background and Objectives: The heterogeneity of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) lies within its diverse symptoms and severity, ranging from mild to lethal. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a leading cause of mortality in COVID-19 patients, characterized by a hyper cytokine storm. Autoimmunity is proposed to occur as a result of COVID-19, given the high similarity of the immune responses observed in COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases. Here, we investigate the level of autoimmune antibodies in COVID-19 patients with different severities. Results: Initial screening for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) IgG using ELISA revealed that 1.58% (2/126) and 4% (5/126) of intensive care unit (ICU) COVID-19 cases expressed strong and moderate ANA levels, respectively. An additional sample was positive with immunofluorescence assays (IFA) screening. However, all the non-ICU cases (n=273) were ANA negative using both assays. Samples positive for ANA were further confirmed with large-scale autoantibody screening by phage immunoprecipitation-sequencing (PhIP-Seq). The majority of the ANA-positive samples showed "speckled" ANA pattern by microscopy and revealed autoantibody specificities that targeted proteins involved in intracellular signal transduction, metabolism, apoptotic processes, and cell death by PhIP-Seq; further denoting reactivity to nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens. Conclusion: Our results further support the notion of routine screening for autoimmune responses in COVID-19 patients, which might help improve disease prognosis and patient management. Further, results provide compelling evidence that ANA-positive individuals should be excluded from being donors for convalescent plasma therapy in the context of COVID-19.
    URI
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85142793189&origin=inward
    DOI/handle
    http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2022.076
    http://hdl.handle.net/10576/45348
    Collections
    • Biomedical Research Center Research [‎785‎ items ]
    • Biomedical Sciences [‎796‎ items ]
    • COVID-19 Research [‎848‎ items ]
    • Medicine Research [‎1739‎ items ]

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